Answer from cs61c-aj (Kevin Li 15855812) for Question 1
The C preprocessor is done before compilation. It replaces all the macros and # instructions before compiling. Preprocessor also can take conditional preprocessing and see if it should replace it or not. The language C is its input and output. After replacing all the lines appropriately it will then go through the C compiler. In figure 3.2, it would be placed before the compiler step after the program.